来源：《洛杉矶时报》
原文刊登日期：2021年5月28日
The problems of the University of California are perpetual. Should the education there be more state-funded or tuition-funded? Should the school be more an elite research institution or a vehicle for graduating young people as efficiently as possible? Should it imitate private universities by importing foreign and out-of-state students who bring different perspectives and experiences to the campus — and, don’t forget, a lot of cash — or should those desired slots be reserved for Californians?
加州大学的问题没完没了。那里的教育经费应该由加州财政资助还是由学生学费出资？加州大学应该更像是一个精英研究机构，还是成为尽可能高效地让年轻人毕业的途径？它是应该效仿私立大学，引进外国和州外的学生，让他们为校园带来不同的视角和个人经验——别忘了，这些学生还会带来很多钱——还是应该把这些令人渴望的入学名额留给加州人？
These issues are fought regularly but not resolved, as illustrated by the epic conflicts between UC President Janet Napolitano and Governor Jerry Brown during their time in office. There might be some movement in one direction or another, but the essential struggle for the soul of UC continues.
这些问题经常发生，但没有得到解决，加州大学校长珍妮特·纳波利塔诺和州长杰里·布朗在任职期间的激烈冲突就是明证。可能会有这样或那样的变化，但为UC的灵魂而进行的必要斗争仍在继续。
Now it’s on again as state senators call for requiring UC to cut the share of undergraduates who aren’t state residents by almost half, to 10%. Close to 150,000 of the state’s high school seniors were unable to get a freshman spot at any UC school, with rejections especially pronounced at UC Berkeley and UCLA, which have a lot of prestige with students around the globe. Those schools have higher percentages of out-of-state students as well.
斗争现在又开始了，加州参议员要求加州大学将非加州居民的本科生比例削减近一半，降到10%。加州近15万名高中毕业生无法在任何一所UC分校获得入学资格，尤其是在UC伯克利分校和UC洛杉矶分校，这两所学校在全球学生中享有很高的声誉。这两所学校的州外学生比例也更高。
The university argues that it needs the geographical diversity that out-of-state students bring, but that rings hollow. Although it’s nice to have different perspectives and experiences among students, no one was complaining in 2007 when only 5% of undergrads were from outside California.
加州大学认为，它需要外州学生带来的地理多样性，但这听起来很空洞。虽然学生之间有不同的观点和经历是件好事，但在2007年没有人抱怨，当时只有5%的本科生来自加州以外的地方。
Out-of-state enrollment is a cash cow because those students pay full tuition, and much of the money — hundreds of millions of dollars a year — funds financial aid for needy California students. Is the state really ready to use tax dollars every year to make up for the loss of that revenue? Even when federal dollars aren’t flowing and state funds are looking bare, those lower-income students will need an education, and if the university doesn’t have the revenue from the state or non-California undergrads, it will end up raising in-state tuition, which is just as unfair to residents.
州外招生是一棵摇钱树，因为这些学生需要支付全额费用，而且其中的大部分资金——每年数亿美元——用于资助加州的贫困学生。州政府真的准备好每年用纳税人的钱来弥补学费收入的损失吗？甚至当前联邦资金没有流入加州，州财政看起来也很拮据，低收入家庭的学生也需要接受教育，如果加州大学没有来自州财政或非加州本科生学费带来的收入，它最终会提高州内学生的学费，这对加州居民来说同样不公平。
Reducing the number of out-of-state students would allow an additional 4,600 in-state freshmen a year to be admitted; close to 30 times that many California applicants were turned away this year. UC suggests that the state simply fund more California students in addition to the out-of-state students it admits, but its campuses already are overcrowded.
减少州外学生的数量将允许每年增加4600名州内新生被录取；近30倍这个数量的加州申请者今年被拒之门外。加州大学建议，除了录取的州外学生外，加州政府只需资助更多的加州学生，但其校园已经人满为患。
What the state needs is a buildup of UC capacity. Opening a whole new campus would be costly and take years. But why not consider converting an existing California State University campus to a UC and preparing community colleges to offer some bachelor’s degrees, which would be an inexpensive way to get a four-year degree and take enrollment pressure off California State University?
加州需要的是增强UC的容纳能力。新建校园将是昂贵的，并且需要数年的时间。但是，为什么不考虑将现有的加州州立大学分校改制为加州大学分校，并着手开设一些提供学士学位的社区学院呢？这将是获得四年制学位的一种廉价方式，并减轻加州州立大学的入学压力。
That would be a much better option than these nearly annual fights to define and redefine the mission of the University of California.
与这些几乎每年一次的斗争来定义和重新定义加州大学的使命比；这将是一个更好的选择。