来源：《今日心理学》
原文刊登日期：2021年1月5日
本文适合英语二考生
Losing one’s home can shatter fundamental assumptions about the world. People may no longer believe that the world is a safe place, that they have control, that they can achieve their goals, says Russell Jones, a professor of psychology at Virginia Tech. In addition to a global perspective shift, there are social, financial, and environmental changes.
失去家园会打破人们对世界的基本假设。弗吉尼亚理工大学心理学教授罗素·琼斯说，人们可能不再相信世界是一个安全的地方，不再相信他们可以掌控自己的生活，不再相信他们可以实现自己的目标。除了世界观的转变，还有社会、财务和环境的变化。
Socially, a family might be uprooted from their friends, school, and community at the time they most need social support. Financially, people may have worked for decades to pay off a mortgage and pass the home down to their children, but that financial security and family legacy disappear, says Ethan Raker, a doctoral candidate in sociology at Harvard University. Renters and low income people may struggle to survive the financial blow, and obtaining federal assistance can be a bureaucratic nightmare.
在社会方面，一个家庭可能在最需要社会支持的时候离开了他们的朋友、学校和社区。哈佛大学社会学博士研究生伊森·雷克说，在经济上，人们可能已经工作了几十年来偿还抵押贷款，把房子传给子女，但这种经济保障和家庭遗产消失了。租房者和低收入者可能难以在财务冲击中生存，而获得联邦援助可能是一场官僚主义噩梦。
People’s relationship with the environment can change as well. On a personal level, people’s livelihood may have depended on land that was destroyed. Or it may alter their relationship with nature. “You no longer see trees or brush as you’re driving along. You see a thing called fuel,” Terry Rowan says. On an existential level, natural disasters can instill fear and helplessness around climate change and a broken relationship between the land and the people.
人与环境的关系也会发生变化。在个人层面上，人们的生计可能依赖于被摧毁的土地。也可能改变他们与自然的关系。“当你开车的时候，你再也看不到树木和灌木丛了。你会看到一种叫做燃料的东西，”Rowan说。在生存层面上，自然灾害会让人们对气候变化感到恐惧和无助，也会破坏土地与人民之间的关系。
People may also be forced to make huge decisions in the aftermath, says Doreen Van Leeuwen, a marriage and family therapist in California. While unmoored from their life path, they must ask: Do I want to rebuild? Do I want to move? Do I need to relocate to another city?
加利福尼亚州的婚姻和家庭治疗师多琳·范·列文说，人们可能也被迫在事后做出重大决定。当脱离他们的生活道路时，他们必须问：我想重建吗？我想搬家吗？我需要搬到另一个城市吗？
“What’s important about home is it’s a place where you don’t have to justify your existence, where your welcome doesn’t grow thin,” says psychologist Kenneth Miller, who studies and treats refugees' mental health, many of whom have been displaced for years. Yet most people around the globe never stop to appreciate the comfort, stability, and happiness that comes with simply having a home. “When you’re sick, you probably aren’t walking around thinking, ‘It’s nice to be well!’” Miller jokes. But it’s actually worth doing just that. A growing body of evidence shows that practicing gratitude can benefit mental health and happiness. “I finish my meditation practice by naming five things I’m grateful for that evening. One of the things I find I often do is look around my home,” Miller says.
心理学家肯尼斯·米勒研究和治疗难民的心理健康，他说：“家的重要之处在于，它是一个你不必为自己的存在辩护的地方，在那里你不会受到冷落。”许多难民已经流离失所多年。然而，世界各地的大多数人从来没有停下来欣赏过简单地拥有一个家所带来的舒适、稳定和幸福。“当你生病的时候，你可能不会四处走动想，‘身体健康真好!”米勒开玩笑说。但这样的玩笑是值得的。越来越多的证据表明，感恩有益于心理健康和幸福。“在结束冥想练习时，我会说出当晚我感激的五件事。我发现我经常做的一件事就是看看我的家，”米勒说。