来源：《新科学家》
刊登日期：2021年3月17日
Women in managerial roles seem to sleep better if they live in a country with greater gender equality. The same isn’t true for male managers, who sleep better in countries with higher GDP.
如果生活在一个性别更平等的国家，担任管理职位的女性似乎会睡得更好。男性管理层的情况并非如此，他们在GDP较高的国家睡得更好。
Leah Ruppanner and her colleagues at the University of Melbourne used data from the 2012 European Social Survey to study the sleep of 18,116 people, aged 25 to 64, from 29 European countries. Although it is an annual survey every year, 2012 was the most recent year the participants were asked about their sleep patterns.
墨尔本大学的Ruppanner和她的同事利用2012年欧洲社会调查的数据，研究了来自29个欧洲国家的18,116名年龄在25岁到64岁之间的人的睡眠。虽然这是一项每年一次的调查，但2012年是参与者被问及睡眠模式的最近一年。
The survey asked people whether they had experienced restless sleep in the past week, along with which country they live in and their occupation. Ruppanner and her team then combined these answers with data on each country’s gender gap, as quantified by the United Nations gender development index. “The UN quantify how women are situated within a country in terms of access to education, healthcare and even employment opportunities,” says Ruppanner.
该调查询问了人们在过去一周是否经历过失眠、居住在哪个国家以及从事何种职业。然后，Ruppanner和她的团队将这些答案与每个国家的性别不平等数据结合起来，这个数据是联合国性别发展指数。Ruppanner说：“联合国依据获得教育、医疗保健以及均等的就业机会等指标，量化妇女在一个国家的处境”。
The team found that, in general, both men and women in managerial roles report restless sleep more often than people in less senior positions, but that female managers living in countries with a higher gender development index reported better sleep than women with similar jobs living in less equal countries.
研究小组发现，总体而言，担任管理职位的男性和女性都比职位较低的人睡眠差，但生活在性别发展指数较高国家的女性高管，比从事类似工作、生活在性别平等差的国家的女性高管睡眠更好。
The same correlation wasn’t true for men in managerial roles, however. “Men’s sleep appears to be tied to economic productivity – male managers sleep better when there’s a higher GDP,” says Ruppanner. “But everyone, men and women, sleep better in more gender equal countries.”
然而，这种相关性并不适用于男性管理人员。“男性的睡眠似乎与经济生产率有关——男性经理在GDP较高时睡得更好，”鲁帕纳说。“但在性别更平等的国家，每个人，无论男女，都睡得更好。”
The study only identifies a correlation between gender equality and sleep, rather than showing a causal link. “Is there gender discrimination from colleagues that makes it harder to do their jobs well?” says Sarah Burgard at the University of Michigan.
这项研究只确定了性别平等和睡眠之间的相关性，而没有显示出因果关系。“是否存在来自同事的性别歧视，使他们更难做好自己的工作?”密歇根大学的莎拉·伯加德说。
“I don’t believe we can build plausible stories about the correlations derived from the gender development index and a country’s GDP,” says Marco Hafner at RAND Europe in Cambridge, UK. “For instance, a country with higher gender equality, like Sweden or Denmark, may also have a very good social security system, which in turn could have a very positive effect on sleep.”
“我不相信能就性别发展指数和一个国家的GDP之间的相关性建立一个可信的描述，”英国剑桥兰德欧洲公司的马尔科•哈夫纳表示。“比如，像瑞典或丹麦这样性别平等程度较高的国家，可能也有很好的社会保障体系，这反过来又会对睡眠产生非常积极的影响。”