来源：《新科学家》
原文刊登日期：2022年2月18日
People in the US who are morally opposed to abortion would help a close friend or family member terminate a pregnancy if they were asked for help, according to a nationally representative survey.
一项具有全国代表性的调查显示，在美国，道德上反对堕胎的人如果被请求帮忙，会帮助亲密的朋友或家人终止妊娠。
Sarah Cowan at New York University and her colleagues analysed data from the General Social Survey, which asks questions about social issues, to determine how someone’s views on abortion affect how they would treat a friend or family member who asked for help with the procedure. The data was collected in 2018 and included answers from 1574 respondents.
纽约大学的莎拉·考恩和她的同事分析了来自综合社会调查的数据，该调查询问了一些社会问题，以确定一个人对堕胎的看法如何影响他们对待寻求帮助进行堕胎手术的朋友或家人的方式。数据于2018年收集，包括1574名受访者的回答。
Abortion is a divisive issue in the US. According to a Gallup poll from 2021, 49 per cent of adults in the US identify themselves as “pro-choice” and 47 per cent identify themselves as “pro-life”. “Some people claim abortion is central to freedom and autonomy, and others that it’s murder,” says Cowan.
堕胎在美国是一个引起分歧的问题。盖洛普2021年的一项民意调查显示，49%的美国成年人认为自己“支持选择”，47%认为自己“支持生命”。“一些人声称堕胎是自由和自主的核心，另一些人则认为堕胎是谋杀，”考恩说。
She says that it is common for people seeking an abortion to ask for help, whether that be emotional, financial or logistical. Close to 60 per cent of those who have an abortion are already mothers, so help is often required with childcare on the day of the procedure, says Cowan.
她说，寻寻求堕胎的人寻求帮助是很常见的，无论是情感上的、经济上的还是后勤上的。考恩说，近60%的堕胎者已经是母亲，所以通常需要在手术当天找人帮忙照顾孩子。
The General Social Survey asked people whether they were morally opposed to abortion or not. They could also answer “it depends”. The team found that 88 per cent of respondents, whether they were morally opposed to abortion or not, were willing to provide emotional support to a close friend or family member if that person was getting an abortion.
综合社会调查询问人们是否在道德上反对堕胎。他们也可以回答“视情况而定”。研究小组发现，88%的受访者，无论他们在道德上是否反对堕胎，都愿意在亲密的朋友或家人堕胎时提供情感支持。
For those who were morally opposed to abortion, this number dropped to 76 per cent. Of this group, 46 per cent said they would offer a friend or family member logistical help, such as giving someone a lift, and 28 per cent said they would help with any additional costs associated with the procedure, such as travel or hotel fees. Six per cent said they would help pay for the procedure.
对于那些在道德上反对堕胎的人来说，这个数字下降到了76%。在这一群体中，46%的人表示他们会向朋友或家人提供后勤帮助，比如让堕胎者搭便车，28%的人表示他们会帮助支付与堕胎手术相关的任何额外费用，比如旅行或酒店费用。6%的人表示，他们将帮助支付手术费用。
Over 50 per cent of those who weren’t morally opposed to abortion said they would help pay for the procedure for a friend or family member.
在那些道德上不反对堕胎的人中，超过50%表示，他们会帮助朋友或家人支付堕胎的费用。
No other demographic factor, including age, race or religion, seemed to affect how likely someone was to help. “People’s opinion on abortion morality was the most effective predictor of their willingness to help a close friend or a family member get an abortion,” says Cowan.
其他人口统计因素，包括年龄、种族或宗教，似乎都不会影响有人提供帮助的可能性。考恩说：“人们对堕胎道德的看法是他们愿意帮助亲密朋友或家庭成员堕胎的最有效预测因素。”
The researchers also analysed data from 74 interviews with people who took part in the survey and who had said they were morally opposed to abortion. They found that the main reason many were willing to help a loved one access the procedure was because they believed that everyone was allowed to hold their own moral position on the issue.
研究人员还分析了74名道德上反对堕胎的受访者的采访数据。他们发现，许多人愿意帮助亲人接受堕胎手术的主要原因是，他们认为每个人都可以在这个问题上保持自己的道德立场。
“This reasoning also hints at why so many Americans are morally opposed to abortion but not legally opposed,” says Cowan.
科恩说：“这个理由也暗示了为什么这么多美国人在道德上反对堕胎，但在法律上却不反对。”