来源：《自然》
原文刊登日期：2023年1月11日
Research has resumed across the University of California (UC) system, following a breakthrough in negotiations late last month that brought the largest higher-education strike in US history to a close. Tens of thousands of graduate students, postdoctoral researchers and other academic staff are heading back to work with higher wages and more benefits because of the strike, but that’s not all: the revolt has injected fresh momentum into a growing unionization movement at university campuses across the United States.
加州大学(UC)系统内的研究工作已经恢复，上个月晚些时候谈判取得突破，美国历史上最大的高等教育罢工告一段落。由于此次罢工，数以万计的研究生、博士后和其他学术人员正以更高的工资和更多的福利返回工作岗位，但这还不是全部：此次抗议活动为全美大学校园内日益增长的工会运动注入了新的动力。
“This shows that massive strikes in higher education are possible, and that people can win significant improvements in their working conditions,” says Rebecca Givan, co-director of the Center for Work and Health at Rutgers University in New Jersey, and chair of the union representing academic employees there. “Academic workers everywhere are taking note.”
新泽西州罗格斯大学工作与健康中心联合主任、代表该校学术员工的工会主席丽贝卡·吉万表示：“这表明，高等教育领域的大规模罢工是可能的，人们可以赢得工作条件的显著改善。各地的学术工作者都在注意。”
Although the deals to end the strike left some UC workers disappointed, advocates and scholars say that the six-week stand-off represents a landmark achievement for a growing labour movement. Some 48,000 employees across all 10 of the university’s campuses and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory will receive expanded benefits and wage increases ranging from 20% to 80%, which supporters say will help offset rising costs for housing and health care. Union organizers also proclaimed it the very first “research strike”, as graduate students, postdoctoral researchers and non-tenure-track academics united to bring science at their institutions to a standstill.
尽管结束罢工的协议让加州大学的一些员工感到失望，但支持者和学者表示，为期六周的僵持代表着日益增长的劳工运动取得的里程碑式成就。加州大学所有10个校区和劳伦斯伯克利国家实验室的约48000名员工将获得扩大的福利，工资增长幅度从20%到80%不等，支持者表示，这将有助于抵消住房和医疗保健价格的上涨。工会组织者还宣布这是第一次“研究罢工”，因为研究生、博士后研究人员和非终身制学者联合起来，使他们所在机构的科学研究陷入停滞。
There was a perception that “the work we do in the labs is not labour”, says Rafael Jaime, a scholar in English literature at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), and president of the union representing graduate students and undergraduate workers. “But we have changed that perception.”
加州大学洛杉矶分校(UCLA)的英语文学学者、代表研究生和本科生的工会主席拉斐尔·杰米说，有一种看法是“我们在实验室里做的工作不是劳动”。“但我们已经改变了这种看法。”
The word is spreading: union representatives involved in strikes at UC and other universities say that they are fielding queries from researchers at various academic institutions about how to organize unions, conduct negotiations and implement strikes. Some are even preparing workshops in the coming months to accommodate demand.
有消息正在传播：参与加州大学和其他大学罢工的工会代表表示，他们正在回答各学术机构研究人员关于如何组织工会、进行谈判和实施罢工的问题。一些人甚至准备在未来几个月举办研讨会，以满足需求。
“This is a movement about hope,” says Johannah King-Slutzky, a graduate student in literature at Columbia University in New York and a union organizer there, who is helping with the workshops. “When you see a success on one campus, you feel energized to take similar steps on your own.”
“这是一场关于希望的运动，”纽约哥伦比亚大学文学研究生约翰娜·金-斯卢茨基说。她是哥伦比亚大学的一名工会组织者，正在协助举办这些研讨会。“当你在一个校园看到成功，你就会感到有动力自己也采取类似的措施。”