来源：《华尔街日报》
原文见报日期：2021年6月8日
The Supreme Court said that noncitizens who entered the U.S. unlawfully can’t obtain permanent residency even if the government has permitted them to stay under temporary protected status.
最高法院表示，非法进入美国的人不能获得永久居留权，即使政府允许他们以临时保护身份居留。
Monday’s unanimous opinion, written by Justice Elena Kagan, said current immigration law permits only those who were admitted lawfully to the U.S. to apply for permanent residency.
周一由大法官卡根撰写的一致意见书说，目前的移民法只允许那些合法进入美国的人申请永久居留权。
Temporary Protected Status, or TPS, defers the deportation of noncitizens when conditions in their home countries make it too dangerous to return.
对于非美国公民，如果其母国的情况太危险，不适宜返回，临时保护身份(TPS)会推迟其遣送回国的时间。
The court returned the issue to Congress, noting that pending legislation would explicitly authorize TPS recipients who entered unlawfully to seek green cards. The American Dream and Promise Act, which passed the House in March with support from all Democrats and a handful of Republicans, now awaits action in the Senate.
最高法院将这一问题发回国会，指出尚未通过的立法将明确授权非法进入美国的TPS接受者申请绿卡。今年3月，在所有民主党人和少数共和党人的支持下，众议院通过了《美国梦与承诺法案》，目前正在参议院等待表决。
For now, at least, people like Jose Santos Sanchez, a Salvadoran who came to the U.S. illegally in the 1990s, are out of luck. In 2001, the George W. Bush administration granted protected status to Salvadorans then in the U.S. after El Salvador was struck by a series of devastating earthquakes, and that status was repeatedly renewed.
至少到目前为止，像何塞·桑托斯·桑切斯这样的人就运气不太好了。桑切斯是上世纪90年代非法来到美国的萨尔瓦多人。2001年，在萨尔瓦多遭受了一系列毁灭性的地震之后，布什政府授予了当时在美国的萨尔瓦多人受保护的地位，并且这一地位不断得到延长。
In 2014, when Mr. Sanchez applied for a green card, the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services turned him down because he had entered the country illegally. Federal law does allow TPS recipients to seek permanent residency, but only if they were admitted “after inspection and authorization by an immigration officer.”
2014年，桑切斯申请绿卡时，美国公民与移民服务局以他非法入境为由拒绝了他。联邦法律确实允许TPS接受者寻求永久居留权，但前提是他们“经过移民官员的检查和授权”才被允许进入美国。
Mr. Sanchez sued to overturn the decision to deny him a green card and prevailed before a federal district judge. The judge found that language elsewhere in the law, which says that TPS recipients “shall be considered” to hold “lawful status as a nonimmigrant” for green-card purposes, meant Mr. Sanchez could apply for permanent residency.
桑切斯提起诉讼，想要推翻政府拒绝给他绿卡的决定，并在联邦地方法院胜诉。法官发现，法律中其他条款规定，TPS接受者在申请绿卡时“应被视为”拥有“作为非移民的合法身份”，这意味着桑切斯可以申请永久居留权。
A federal appeals court in Philadelphia agreed with the government, however, and Justice Kagan said it had correctly applied the stricter interpretation.
然而，费城的一家联邦上诉法院同意政府的说法，卡根大法官表示，联邦上诉法院正确地适用了更严格的解释。
“On the one hand, a foreign national can be admitted but not in lawful status—think of someone who legally entered the United States on a student visa, but stayed in the country long past graduation,” she wrote. “On the other hand, a foreign national can be in lawful status but not admitted—think of someone who entered the country unlawfully, but then received asylum.”
她写道:“一方面，外国公民可以被允许入境，但没有合法身份——想想那些持学生签证合法进入美国，但在毕业后很久仍留在美国的人。另一方面，外国人可以拥有合法身份，但不被允许入境——如非法进入美国但随后获得庇护的人。”
Mr. Sanchez fell into the latter category. “Sanchez was not lawfully admitted, and his TPS does not alter that fact. He therefore cannot become a permanent resident of this country,” Justice Kagan wrote.
桑切斯先生属于后者。"桑切斯非法进入美国，他的TPS并不能改变这一事实。因此他不能成为美国的永久居民，”卡根大法官写道。